And mortising hubs



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.v

CHAUNCEY H. GUARD, OF BROVNSVILLE, NEV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO J. A. SCROGGS AND C. H. GUARD.

MACHINE FOR BORING AND MORTISING HUBS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 13,307, dated July 24, 1855.

To all whom tt may concern:

Be it known that I, C-HAUNGEY H. GUARD, of Brownsville, in the county of Jefferson and State of New York, have invented sundry new and useful Improvements in Machinery IUsed in the Manufacture of Carriage-'Wheels and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification.

Figure l, is a top view of my improved machine; Fig. 2, a longitudinal vertical section, in the line y, y, of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a transverse section in the line m, of Fig. l; Fig. 4, a transverse section in the line 2, e, of Fig. l; and Figs. 5, and 6, represent portions of the machine.

Similar letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

The frame of the said machine may be constructed in any'well known or usual manner.

A carriage composed of two independent parts B, and C, which are connected to each other by the screw rod u, is placed between the sides D, D, of the machine, and is sustained in such a manner that the said carriage, or either section of it, may be moved lengthwise between the said sides of the frame. A crank handled set screw 11, passes through one end of the frame of the machine and enters a female screw secured in the largest section B, of the aforesaid carriage; and a similar set screw lw, passes through the opposite end of the frame and enters a female screw secured in the section C, of the carriage. By unscrewing one of the said set screws and screwing up the other, the carriage can be moved in either direction at pleasure. And the respect-ive sections B, C, of the carriage, can be made to approach or recede from each other, by screwing up, or unscrewing, the nut on the screw rod u, and operating either one or the other of the set screws w, or o. y

The chucks a, a', which receive and hold a hub A, while it is being mortised, and while the spokes are being driven into it, are combined with the inner ends of the sections B, C, of the said carriage, by means of suit* able boxes which receive the journals of said chucks. The said boxes are secured to the sections of the carriage and to the caps B', C; and the said caps are secured in their proper positions upon the sections of t-he carriage, by set screws, substantially as represented in Figs. l, 2, and 5. It will therefore be perceived that the chucks a', a', can be placed nearer to, or removed farther from each other, to adapt them to the reception of hubs of different lengths. After a hub has been fitted into the said chucks, the nut on the screw rod u, is screwed up to hold the hub securely in its position; and then by turning the set screws w, and o, in opposite directions, the hub may be moved longitudinally in either direction to enable the augers or bits to bore the requisite preliminary holes, and the chisels to form mortises of any desired length in the said hub.

The bits z', c', which bore the requisite holes in the hub, are placed in the rotating holders m, m, which work in the bearings r, fr, which are secured to the outer sides D, D, of the frame, in such positions that the bits will be held in the same horizontal line with each other, and point toward the axis of the hub.

From the crown of each of the bearings r, 7, a standard s, rises, which standards support the driving shaft Motion is communicated from the said driving shaft to the bit holders m, m, by means of the cog wheels c, 7c, on the ends of the said shaft, which work into the elongated pinions Z, Z, on the outer ends of said bit holders. The points of the bits z', z', are made to slowly approachY each other, or to rapidly recede from each other as they are rotated, by means of right and left hand screw threads g, g', and h, t, of different proportions, on their peripheries, and movable segments 0, 0, and n, fn., of female screws, which fit the said screw threads, and which are arranged in such a manner that either pair of them can be thrown into or out of gear with the said screw threads at pleasure; viz, hanging supports g, g, descend from the under side of the bearings m, m, whose open mouths receive the levers p, p, and in which they are retained by joint pins, which serve as the fulcrums of said levers; the said levers are of equal length, and their inner ends are jointed to each other. Each side of the hanging supports g, g, and equidistant therefrom, the shanks e, e', and d', cZ, of the screw segments o, 0 and n, n, are jointed to the levers p, p; the said segments move in guiding mouths which are arranged in such positions that the outer segments n, nwhen they are thrown upward by depressing the inner ends of the levers p, p-will match into the coarse threads h, L, on the holders m, m, and cause the said holders to move rapidly outward as they are rotated; and when the inner connected ends of the levers p, 29, are elevated, the outer segments n, n, will be thrown out of gear with the screw threads L, L, and the segments 0, o, will be thrown upward into gear with the line cut screw threads g, g', and thereby cause the said holders m, m, to move inward toward each other, as they are rotated. The holes being bored at the same moment into opposite sides of the hub, not only doubles the performance of the machine, but also prevents the bits from exerting any lateral strain upon the chucks. The chucks are retained in the desired position while the hub is operated upon by the bits or chisels, by means of the pawl b, which has a point that fits into holes or recesses in the side of one of the chucks.

After the necessary preliminary holes have been bored in the hub, the bits are withdrawn from the holders m, m, (or the holders themselves may be removed,) and then the carriage B, C, is moved endwise, by unscrewing the set screw w, and screwing up the set screw o, until the hub is brought between the upper and lower chisels g, 72 which simultaneously form mortises in opposite sides of said hub. The said chisels g, 7L, are combined with the carrying arms CZ, which project from the rack bars c, a.; the said rack bars are sustained and guided by suitable bearings at the extremities of the bars H, H; and the bars H, H, are sustained by pivots Vwhich pass through the metallic plate Z', and the side piece D, of t-he frame, to which said plate is secured, and -the outer ends of said pivots receive the screw nuts c, 7c', shown in Fig. 1. The lower eX- tremity of the said bars H, H, are connected by the toggle jointed levers f, f, with the crank screw c; the said screw e, works in the guiding hand z5, and the screw perforation in the hand which hands project from a metallic plate that is secured to a standard F, that is connected to the side piece D, of the frame of the machine. It will thus be perceivedthat by a proper adjust-ment of the screw e, the bars H, H, can be held in a vertical position, or they may be held in inclined positions for the purpose of giving the proper shape to the ends of the mortises formed by the chisels g, and 7L. The teeth in the rack bars a, c, match into the teeth of a cog wheel G, which is placed between them; the journals of the shaft 0f the said wheel G, works in the plate l', on the inner side of D, and in the inner bearing brace I, which is secured to the said plate l, as shown in Fig. 4. The outer end of the shaft of the said cog wheel G, projects beyond the outer side of D', a sufficient distance to receive t-he operating lever E. It will therefore be perceived that the working of the lever E, will impart a reciprocating motion to the rack bars a, c, which will cause the chisels g, 7L, to strike the hub A, at the same moment, and thus prevent any straining of the machine, or the changing of the position of the said hub in the chucks, while two mortises are formed during the same time that one is formed by other machines.

IVhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The arrangement of the levers p, p, and the segments o, 0, and a, n, with the right and left screws g', and L, on the peL ripheries of the bit holders m, m, in such a manner that a proper position of the said levers and segments, will cause the rotary motion of the said holders to move them longitudinally either inward or outward, and which position may be instantly reversed at the pleasure of the person operating the machine, substantially as herein set forth.

2. I also claim arranging the rack bars a, a, and the upper and lower chisels g, 7L, in such a manner that the said chisels can be made to simultaneously strike upon opposite sides of the hub placed between them, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

3. I also claim arranging the rack bars a, c, the supporting and guiding bars H, H, and the regulating screw c, with each other in such a manner that the chisels g, 7L, may be made to act in corresponding vertical or oblique directions in forming mortises, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

The above specification of my new and improved machine for making carriage wheels signed and witnessed this third day of May 1855.

CHAUNCEY H. GUARD. Witnesses:

GEo. W. ADAMS, Z. C. RoBBINs, 

